<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-0 vector-toc-not-available vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-0 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-os vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Capability Maturity Model</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="./_res_/favicon.png">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model"> <link href="./_mw_/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/ext.wikimediamessages.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./_mw_/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_mw_/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./_res_/vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Capability_Maturity_Model rootpage-Capability_Maturity_Model skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Capability Maturity Model</span></h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="contentSub">
<div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div>
</div>
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr">
<p>Le <b>Capability Maturity Model</b> (CMM) (en français : <b>modèle d'évolution des capacités</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) est une approche interdisciplinaire d'ingénierie des systèmes couvrant les compétences et processus techniques et managériaux. Il vise à rendre prévisibles les délais, coûts et qualité des projets, à l'origine des projets de développement logiciel.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historique">Historique</h2></div>
<p>Le CMM a été créé à la demande du <a href="D%C3%A9partement_de_la_D%C3%A9fense_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Département de la Défense des États-Unis">département de la Défense des États-Unis</a> par Watts Humphrey, du <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_Engineering_Institute" class="extiw external" title="en:Software Engineering Institute">Software Engineering Institute</a> de l'<a href="Universit%C3%A9_Carnegie-Mellon" title="Université Carnegie-Mellon">Université Carnegie-Mellon</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Progressivement étendu à des domaines autres que le développement logiciel, le CMM a connu plusieurs déclinaisons, finalement intégrées en 2001 sous le nom de <a href="Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Capability Maturity Model Integration">Capability Maturity Model Integration</a> (CMMi)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Niveaux_de_maturité"><span id="Niveaux_de_maturit.C3.A9"></span>Niveaux de maturité</h2></div>
<p>Le modèle postule que les équipes d'ingénierie vont gagner en compétences selon 5 niveaux de difficulté croissante<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> :
</p>
<ol><li>initial : la gestion du projet est peu formalisée, réactive et dépend fortement des individus ;</li>
<li>reproductible : on est en capacité d'élaborer des plans et d'en assurer le suivi ;</li>
<li>défini : le processus de construction des plans est bien compris et maîtrisé ;</li>
<li>géré (ou encadré) : les performances du processus de développement deviennent mesurables et prévisibles ;</li>
<li>optimisant <i>(optimizing)</i> : le processus entre dans une boucle d'amélioration continue.</li></ol>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2></div>
<div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.btb.termiumplus.gc.ca/tpv2alpha/alpha-eng.html?lang=eng&i=1&srchtxt=CAPABILITY+MATURITY+MODEL&index=ent&codom2nd_wet=1#resultrecs">Fiche terminologique de Termium</a></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Humphrey1988"><span class="ouvrage" id="Watts_S._Humphrey1988">Watts S. <span class="nom_auteur">Humphrey</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Characterizing the software process: a maturity framework</cite> », <i>IEEE Software</i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 5, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 2, <time class="nowrap" datetime="1988-03" data-sort-value="1988-03">mars 1988</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">73–79</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class=" noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1937-4194">1937-4194</a></span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class=" noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/52.2014">10.1109/52.2014</a></span>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Characterizing+the+software+process%3A+a+maturity+framework&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Software&rft.issue=2&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=Watts+S.&rft.date=1988-03&rft.volume=5&rft.pages=73%E2%80%9379&rft.issn=1937-4194&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2F52.2014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACapability+Maturity+Model"></span></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Basque2006"><span class="ouvrage" id="Richard._Basque2006">Richard. <span class="nom_auteur">Basque</span>, <cite class="italique">CMMI : un itinéraire fléché vers le Capability Maturity Model Integration : version 1.2</cite>, Paris, <a href="%C3%89ditions_Dunod" title="Éditions Dunod">Dunod</a>, <time>2006</time>, 253 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <span class="nowrap">978-2-10-049711-9</span> et <span class="nowrap">2-10-049711-1</span>, <a href="Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class=" noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/174100607">174100607</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/174100607">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=CMMI+%3A+un+itin%C3%A9raire+fl%C3%A9ch%C3%A9+vers+le+Capability+Maturity+Model+Integration+%3A+version+1.2&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Dunod&rft.aulast=Basque&rft.aufirst=Richard.&rft.date=2006&rft.tpages=253&rft.isbn=978-2-10-049711-9&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F174100607&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACapability+Maturity+Model"></span></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Humphrey1989"><span class="ouvrage" id="Watts_S._Humphrey1989">Watts S. <span class="nom_auteur">Humphrey</span>, <cite class="italique">Managing the software process</cite>, <a href="Addison-Wesley" title="Addison-Wesley">Addison-Wesley</a>, <time>1989</time>, 494 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <span class="nowrap">0-201-18095-2</span> et <span class="nowrap">978-0-201-18095-4</span>, <a href="Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class=" noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/18960938">18960938</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/18960938">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Managing+the+software+process&rft.pub=Addison-Wesley&rft.aulast=Humphrey&rft.aufirst=Watts+S.&rft.date=1989&rft.tpages=494&rft.isbn=0-201-18095-2&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F18960938&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3ACapability+Maturity+Model"></span></span></span></span>
</li>
</ol></div>
</div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2></div>
<ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whatis.cmmiinstitute.com/">Site officiel CMMI Institute</a></li></ul>
<ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte">Portail de l’informatique</span> </span></li> </ul></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
Cet article est issu de <a class="external text" title="Dernière modification le 2024-07-07" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Capability_Maturity_Model&oldid=216581321">Wikipédia</a>. Sauf mention contraire, le texte est disponible sous <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a>. Des conditions supplémentaires peuvent s’appliquer aux fichiers multimédias.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<script src="./_webp_/webpHandler.js"></script>
</body></html>